Background: Kidney transplant recipients require long-term immunosuppressive therapy, increasing susceptibility to secondary conditions. This systematic review explored the association between immunosuppression use and skin cancer risk in post kidney transplant patients. Research Design: Systematic Review (SR) including Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) and Cohort Studies. The databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase) were searched and a total of 29 studies were included. Results: Findings were presented using narrative synthesis. Evidence identified a significant association between longterm immunosuppression and increased skin cancer risk. Conclusion: Alternative immunosuppressive strategies should be considered for those known to be higher risk. Individualised treatment and
enhanced monitoring are recommended, with further research needed.
Is there an association between long- term immunosuppressive therapy and skin cancer risk in kidney transplant recipients? A Systematic Review of the literature
Introduction: Renal transplant patients are at an increased risk for other complex health conditions linked to long-term immunosuppression therapy. The occurrence of skin-related cancers is becoming more common within this patient group. Aims: This systematic review aims to explore the relationship associated with the long-term use of immunosuppression in kidney transplant patients and the development of skin cancer among these patients. Methods: This review searched the following databases: Medline, Cinahl, and Embase, to compile the most recent research on skin cancer risks in patients on long-term immunosuppression. The inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed studies with quantitative data, such as randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. A total of 29 studies were included. Results: The results showed that there is substantial evidence supporting the association between the use of immunosuppression and the implications for overall skin cancer risk. Conclusion: Long-term immunosuppression use after a kidney transplant is correlated with increased risks for skin cancer development. The selection of immunosuppressive treatment should be individualised, and alternative immunosuppressive strategies should be considered for patients who are known to be at higher risk for developing skin cancer.
However, further prospective studies are needed to expand upon existing findings.